RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Portfolio Performance Evaluation Using Value at Risk JF The Journal of Portfolio Management FD Institutional Investor Journals SP 93 OP 102 DO 10.3905/jpm.2003.319898 VO 29 IS 4 A1 Gordon J. Alexander A1 Alexandre M. Baptista YR 2003 UL https://pm-research.com/content/29/4/93.abstract AB Developed here is a value at risk-based measure of portfolio performance called the reward-to-VaR ratio. It is demonstrated that, under normality, the reward-to-VaR ratio gives the same ranking for portfolio performance as the frequently used Sharpe ratio. Under non-normality, the reward-to-VaR ratio at one confidence level may give a ranking for portfolio performance different from the ranking obtained at a different confidence level. This indicates that the risk-taking incentives of a portfolio manager in a VaR-based risk management system can be substantially different from the incentives in a Sharpe ratio-based system.